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Physics.
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Grade 10 · Lahore Board · 2024 · Group II
Complete objective paper · English questions

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12 questions. 12 marks.

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QUESTION 1 · 1 MARKWhich among the following radiations has more penetrating power?

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Correct answer: B — A gamma ray

Penetrating power of nuclear radiations: gamma > beta > alpha.

  1. Compare the usual penetrating abilities of alpha, beta and gamma radiation from radioactive sources.
  2. Alpha particles lose energy rapidly through ionization and are stopped by paper or the outer skin layer; beta particles penetrate further and can be stopped by thin metal.
  3. Gamma rays are uncharged electromagnetic radiation and generally require thick lead or concrete to reduce their intensity substantially. Thus gamma rays are the expected choice among these options.
QUESTION 2 · 1 MARKThe direction of induced emf in a circuit is in accordance with conservation of:

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Correct answer: D — Energy

Lenz’s law and conservation of energy.

  1. Induced emf always acts so as to oppose the change that produces it.
  2. If it did not oppose the change, energy could be created without external work.
  3. Therefore the direction of induced emf obeys conservation of energy.
QUESTION 3 · 1 MARKFarsightedness can be corrected by using:

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Correct answer: D — Converging lens

Hypermetropia (farsightedness) is corrected by a convex/converging lens.

  1. In farsightedness, near objects are focused behind the retina.
  2. A converging lens bends incoming rays inward before they enter the eye.
  3. This shifts the image forward onto the retina.
QUESTION 4 · 1 MARKWave transfers:

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Correct answer: A — Energy

A wave transfers energy from one place to another without transporting matter overall.

  1. A travelling wave carries disturbance through a medium or space.
  2. The medium’s particles oscillate about their mean positions, so matter is not permanently transferred.
  3. What is transmitted is energy.
QUESTION 5 · 1 MARKWe can see sound waves by using:

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Correct answer: C — Oscilloscope

Sound waves can be displayed as electrical waveforms on an oscilloscope.

  1. A microphone converts sound into an electrical signal.
  2. An oscilloscope displays the signal as a waveform on a screen.
  3. This allows us to observe amplitude, frequency, and shape of sound waves visually.
QUESTION 6 · 1 MARKWhich is an example of longitudinal waves?

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Correct answer: A — Sound waves

In longitudinal waves, particles vibrate parallel to the direction of propagation.

  1. Sound in air consists of compressions and rarefactions.
  2. The air particles vibrate parallel to the direction the sound travels.
  3. Light and radio waves are electromagnetic and transverse; water waves are not treated as purely longitudinal here.
QUESTION 7 · 1 MARKIn case of simple pendulum which component of weight acts as restoring force:

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Correct answer: A — mg sin θ

For a simple pendulum, the tangential component of weight restores the bob toward the mean position.

  1. The bob’s weight mg acts vertically downward.
  2. This weight can be resolved into two components: radial mg cos θ and tangential mg sin θ.
  3. The tangential component mg sin θ acts along the arc toward equilibrium, so it is the restoring force.
QUESTION 8 · 1 MARKA positive electric charge:

Source note: B is the standard like-charge answer. C can also describe attraction of a neutral object by polarization, although the source says “neutral charge”. This practice demo accepts B or C.

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Correct answer: B — Repels other positive charge (C also accepted for a neutral object)

Like charges repel and unlike charges attract.

  1. A positive charge has the same sign as another positive charge.
  2. Charges of the same sign repel each other according to electrostatics.
  3. So a positive charge repels other positive charges.
  4. A nearby neutral object can be polarized: opposite charges move or shift slightly closer, producing a net attraction. Because the source wording is imprecise, option C is also accepted in this demo.
QUESTION 9 · 1 MARKWhich of the following quantity is not changed during refraction of light:

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Correct answer: D — Its frequency

On refraction, frequency remains constant while speed and wavelength change.

  1. When light enters a new medium, its speed changes.
  2. Because v = f λ, if speed changes and frequency remains fixed, wavelength must change.
  3. The frequency stays the same across the boundary because it is set by the source.
QUESTION 10 · 1 MARKAND gate can be formed by using two:

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Correct answer: C — NAND gates

An AND gate can be constructed using two NAND gates.

  1. Feed inputs A and B into the first NAND gate to obtain Y = NOT(A AND B).
  2. Connect Y to both inputs of the second NAND gate. Its output is NOT(Y AND Y) = NOT Y.
  3. The two inversions cancel, leaving A AND B. Therefore two NAND gates implement an AND gate.
QUESTION 11 · 1 MARKWhat is the power rating of lamp connected to 12 V source when it carries 2.5 A current:

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Correct answer: C — 30 W

Electrical power: P = VI.

  1. Use the power formula P = VI.
  2. Substitute V = 12 V and I = 2.5 A.
  3. P = 12 × 2.5 = 30 W.
QUESTION 12 · 1 MARKThe brain of any computer system is:

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Correct answer: B — C.P.U.

The CPU is the central processing unit and is called the brain of the computer.

  1. The CPU interprets and executes instructions.
  2. It controls processing and decision-making in the computer system.
  3. So it is commonly called the brain of the computer.

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Original exam paper sourced from Ilmkidunya ↗. Pastpaper’s solutions are study support, not an official board marking key. Where an option is unclear in the scan, the source note is retained.